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11. CHARLES MARTEL, "The Hammer", born 689, died 741, Frankish King, Mayor of the Palace in Austrasia, victor at the Battle of Tours in Oct. 732, stopping the Saracen invasion of Europe insuring our Western Christian civilization; married first Rotrou, died 724, thought to have been a daughter of St. Lievin, Bishop of Treves and granddaughter of Count Guerin , died 677, brother of St. Leger, Bishop of Autun; described as being descended from the ancient Burgundian Kings.

12. PEPIN III, The Short, born 714; died 768; Mayor of the Palace, deposed the last of the Merovingian Kings and became the first King of the Franks of the second race, 751-768; married Bertha, died 783, daughter of Count Cambert of Laon. In 754 Pope Stephen II came to the abbey of St. Denis outside of Paris, and anointed Pepin "King by the grace of God." So ended the Merovingian dynasty (486-751) and began the Carolingian (751-987). Gaul was at last transformed into France. Charlemagne was their eldest son, their other children were: Carloman, Pepin, Gisela, Adelaide, Rothaid, & Gertrude.

13. CHARLEMAGNE, King of the Franks and Emperor of the West. Born Apr 2, 742 and died Jan 28, 814, married 771, Princess Hildegard of Swabia, this marriage produced our four lines. Charlemagne had ten spouses: at least four, more likely five, lawful wives; at least five, possibly six, mistresses; and he had children by all but two of them. He had eight boys and ten girls. Ten or eleven died before their father. Only two of his children had descendants beyond the second or third generation. His first wife was Himiltrud married in 768, and their son was named Pepin. He plotted against his father and was confined to a monastery. Charlemagne in 770 he had the pope annul his first marriage and married a daughter of King Desiderius of Lombardy, thought to had been named Desidertata. She was barren so he divorced her in 771. Almost immediately he married Hildegard, daughter of Count Gerold of Swabia, and his wife Emma, daughter of the duke of Alamannia. It was a happy and successful union of twelve years, lasting until her death. Half the total number of his children were offspring of this marriage. Their first son was Charles, born in 772, but he never married and died at the age of 39 on 4 Dec. 811. Their second son, Carloman was born in 773, and died 8 Jul 810. Their daughter Adelaide was born in 774, but died while young. Next came a daughter named Hrotrud born in 775 and died 6 Jun 810. Then, in 777, another daughter was born , but she lived barely forty days. In the spring of 778, his wife gave birth to twin boys, one was named Louis , the other Lothair who died while still an infant. In mid-779 the Queen gave birth to their eighth child, daughter, Bertha. Their daughter Gisela was born in 781. On 30 April 783 Queen Hildegard died, about twenty-five years of age. In October of the same year, Charlemagne married the Lady Fastrada, of Frankish origin. Two daughters were born of this union, Theodrada in 785 & Hiltrud about 787. Both died before their father. Queen Fastrada died on 10 August 794 and shortly before Easter of 795 Charlemagne took his fifth wife, Liutgard, an Alamannian. She lived until 4 June 800, no issue of this marriage. After her death Charlemagne never married again. Among the seven children who outlived their father, there was only one legitimate son, Louis, who promptly came to the throne. The other three sons were Drogo, Hugo, & Theodoric, sons of different mistress. We are the descendants of his sons: Louis I, three times; and Pepin once.
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14. LOUIS I, the Pious, le Debonnaire, King of the Franks and Emperor of the West, born Aug 778, died June 20, 840 near Mainz, Germany; married second Feb 819, Judith, died Apr 19, 843, daughter of Guelph I, Count of Altdorf and Duke of Bavaria. Will Durant writes of him, "Louis the "Pious" was as tall and handsome as his father; modest, gentle, and gracious, and as incorrigibly lenient as Caesar. Brought up by priests, he took to heart the moral precepts that Charlemagne had practiced with such moderation. He had one wife, and no concubines; he expelled from the court his father's mistresses and his sisters' paramours, and when the sisters protested, he immured them in nunneries." We also have lines of descent from his daughter Gisele and his son Louis.
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15. CHARLES II, the Bald, King of the Franks 843, Emperor, 875; born Frankfort-on-Main on 23th June 823, ; died near Mt. Cenlis in the Alps Oct 6, 877; married first 14 Dec 842, Ermintrude ( Irmtrud), died Oct 6, 869, daughter of Odo (or Vodon), Count of Orleans.

16. LOUIS II, King of the Franks 877, Emperor 878, born 846 ; died Apr 10, 879; married second, 868/70, Adelheid (or Adelaide), died 901, presumably a sister of Abbot Wulfard of Flayigny.

17. CHARLES III, the Simple, King of the Franks, born 17 Nov 879; died 7 Oct 929; married second 919, Edgina (or Eadgifu), daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England, and granddaughter of Alfred the Great, King of England.

18. LOUIS IV, d'Outre Mer, King of France, born 921 died 10 Sep 954; married 2 Oct 939, Princess Gerberga born 913, & died 5 May 984, widow of Gisilbert, Duke of Lorraine, and daughter of Henry I, the Fowler, Emperor of Germany, and his wife Mathilda von Ringelheim.

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19. CHARLES, Duke of Nether Lorraine born 953 and died 994, married Bonna, Countess of Ardennes, daughter of Godefroy, the Old, Count of Verdun and Ardennes.

20. GERBERGA of Lorraine, married Lambert I, Barbatus, Count of Mons and Louvain, son of Regnier III, Count of Hainault, she died around 1017.
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