Posted: 8:21 PM - Mar 27, 2005
Michael McKay
Here's a message regarding my DNA sample. Perhaps it might explain why Robert Mackay Sr. seems not to have any earlier history. Also our Job relationship seems to be a key here as well when you read this report:
Hi Mike-
It looks like your DNA results came back, and like everyone else in the
Mackay/McKay surname study you are one of a kind. :-\
You should probably upload your results to Ysearch and Ybase
(www.dnaheritage.com) if you are interested in future matches being
able to find and contact you. The directions for uploading to Ysearch
came with your results from FTDNA.
I did compare your results to several other DNA databases. You are
a 12 for 12 match with one person at Ysearch. His last name is George
and he traces his origin to 1750 in Wales. You don't currently match
anyone at Ybase, Scot DNA, Sorenson Molecular Genetics or the
McCoy group at DNAHeritage. If you sent a sample to Sorenson it has
not yet been included in their database. (I've been told this often takes
many months.) When it is, we will be able to determine more of your
results, but since you only come close to matching one person, there is
no rush for those results.
I would encourage you to find other descendants of your oldest known
ancestor who might be willing to be tested. This will allow you to
confirm that you are all related to the same ancestor. Someday as we
get more samples we might find someone with information beyond your
oldest known ancestor. This is what we have done in my case. There
are two tests awaiting results which should match my brother's test
results. We supposedly share a common ggg grandfather with one and
a common gggggg grandfather with the other.
Let me know if you have questions.
Happy Easter.
Bridget
Mackay/McKay Surname DNA Administrator
|
Before anyone jumps to conclusions it has to be said that this could work two ways. It could be that the gentleman named "George" could have had a female George ancestor who had a relationship with a Robert Mackay descendant and therefore their offspring took the name George as their surname. I do know of at least one family in our Robert Mackay family who is like this with the children taking their mother's surname.
Perhaps though we should be open to the idea that our Robert Mackay Sr. may not have come from Scotland at all. Perhaps like our Job relatives he may be from Wales. Probably a longshot at best.
Posted: 8:17 AM - Mar 28, 2005
Dee Ann Buck
Our Robert MacKay was born about 1680 and died in 1752 in present day Warren Co. VA. How is it helpful to point out a man named "George" in 1750's Wales having a 12 to 12 match with you Michael ? The surname "George" is a very common surname in Wales. It also can be found in Fauquier Co. VA. I have people with the surname George married into my Pilcher family. Pilcher also said to have come from Wales directly to VA.
I have no problem accepting Robert MacKay Sr. did not come Scotland. I have not carved in stone where he was born.
Your line Michael goes back 11 generations back to Robert Sr., that is 11 women we have to "believe" or "trust" had sex only with their husbands to produce the next generation of men bearing the surname MACKAY: Ann Brown, Patience Jobe, Rachel Ridgeway, Elizabeth Wright, Elizabeth Antrim, Ann E. Lehew and your last four female lines. This is the problem I have with the DNA test using the "Y" marker. When we trace a particular blood line as far back as our McKay line, we are really talking about a "paper case".
If you could talk one of your 2nd or 3rd McKay cousins or some of the lines from James or Moses to do the test that might be helpful and very interesting. But if they do not share the same results as you ? Will you report that ? They will most likely go back 11 or 12 generation back to Robert, with that many more woman bearing the next McKay generation.
I did see a history channel program where if you test a tooth of A CERTAIN PERSON the make up of their tooth can show the place of their birth. The tooth's properties being formed before birth and while an infant. I rather doubt we will find the teeth of our early McKay family. That would be a test I would believe.
There were two people who lived in early Freehold, Monmouth, NJ both Quakers that we know where they were born:
1. John Hampton from Elphinstone, East Lothian, Scotland, I descend from him
2. Richard Borden from Headcorn, Kent, England it was his son Benj. Borden who lived in early NJ. We also descend from him through the Antrim line.
I have not given up finding paper documentation we might find the birth place of Robert's family in one of those locations. But the work will be done in various libraries.
Posted: 8:26 AM - Mar 28, 2005
Michael McKay
After thinking about it a 12/12 match would signify a common ancestor within the last 500 years or so which is way before our Robert Mackay's birth.
Given the nature of surnames during that time in most of Britain, nothing improper needed to have occurred to produce that connection.
(Hollingsworth DNA tests have also produced some anomolous surname connections)
Robert's ancestry could have indeed come from that area and eventually took on the surname of Mackay while the GEORGE connection could have been the same way. (ap George - ap Morgan - ap Hugh - etc.) before a surname was frozen.
It's important to note that having the surname Mackay doesn't necessarily denote ancestry in the Highlands given the fluid nature of surnames before 1600 or so.
If the integrity of my line holds true than this is definitely the case with our Robert. I've looked over the genealogy records and I believe being Quaker, any improper behaviour would have been reported and condemned and so far I haven't seen anything to indicate that being the case.
I guess we'll have to see if other people descending from Robert, participating in the test produce similar results to the ones given for me. So far, I believe I'm the only one in our family in this test.
Posted: 9:05 AM - Mar 28, 2005
Dee Ann Buck
I have A postive blood type and my husband A negative both of my son, of course, would have to have A type
Travis Dee Buck-- A Postive like me
Brandan Paul Buck-- A Negative like my husband
A-- blood type found in the area of modern day Great Britain & Ireland and northern Europe. So it is not a surprise since mine & my husband's families come from that area both have A blood type.
DNA test based on the Y marker is a very general test and people are trying to apply it to a specific person. There is a program being run through Howard University studying tribes of Africa with present day African-American. The professor (I forget his name) has isolated only four different African tribal markers and has applied the results to African-American in US being tested. However 15 percent of African-American males are testing out having "European" Y markers. But these "European" markers do not show up as being: Jones, Smith, Mckay, George etc..... They are just very general markers.
I do not need a DNA test to think that our MacKay family came from somewhere in GB--England, Wales, Ireland or Scotland. We need the paper.
You are, of course, believing the lab is working the work correctly. Have your brother submitted a test to a different lab.
Posted: 8:09 PM - Mar 28, 2005
Michael McKay
My theory on this is simply that if our Robert Mackay Sr. and this (unknown) George shared a common ancestor somewhere in Britain that there would be other people of various surnames showing similar results.
Perhaps if they've done any kind of genealogical work and all of their research points to a general area then that would be a good place to do some paperwork.
My thinking is that it would go along with your theory of a Mid-Lothian, Scotland connection or perhaps a Fishguard, Wales connection or somewhere in between.
But we won't know unless other people are involved in the sampling.
I agree that surnames by themselves do not denote common ancestry since they did not come into existence until perhaps around 1500 to 1600 or so and even then the practice took awhile to catch on in all parts of the islands.
Getting one of my brothers to do this through a different company is a good idea to see if we share the same results. We are definitely the children of the same parents so if there is a difference then one of the companies is to blame for it.
Posted: 10:24 PM - Mar 28, 2005
Michael McKay
I have A postive blood type and my husband A negative both of my son, of course, would have to have A type
Travis Dee Buck-- A Postive like me
Brandan Paul Buck-- A Negative like my husband
A-- blood type found in the area of modern day Great Britain & Ireland and northern Europe. So it is not a surprise since mine & my husband's families come from that area both have A blood type.
DNA test based on the Y marker is a very general test and people are trying to apply it to a specific person. There is a program being run through Howard University studying tribes of Africa with present day African-American. The professor (I forget his name) has isolated only four different African tribal markers and has applied the results to African-American in US being tested. However 15 percent of African-American males are testing out having "European" Y markers. But these "European" markers do not show up as being: Jones, Smith, Mckay, George etc..... They are just very general markers.
I do not need a DNA test to think that our MacKay family came from somewhere in GB--England, Wales, Ireland or Scotland. We need the paper.
You are, of course, believing the lab is working the work correctly. Have your brother submitted a test to a different lab.
Here's an article that was sent to my by the people from the Y-DNA project.
I must admit I was a little surprised and worried when I heard about the George connection but after I had time to digest the information I believe that the connection MUST predate our Robert Mackay Sr. and therefore a common ancestor in Britain exists between our family and the George people.
Understanding your Results: Y DNA and Surnames
==============================================
For a long time, people were just known by their first name.
Surnames then began to be adopted in different countries at different times. As
society became more complex, a system was needed to distinguish one person
reliably and unambiguously from the next person.
A surname is defined as a hereditary name borne by members of a single family
and handed down from father to son. Thus, surnames contrast with given names,
which identify individuals within the same family. It is characteristic of
surnames that all members of a particular family normally have the same surname.
In 1200 A.D., the world population is estimated to have been between 360 million
and 450 million persons, depending on the estimate used.
[Source: http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/worldhis.html]
This estimate is close to the time frame when surnames began to be adopted.
On the whole, the richer and more powerful classes tended to acquire surnames
earlier than the working classes and the poor, while surnames were quicker to
catch on in urban areas than in more sparsely populated rural areas.
Occasionally, events impacted surnames. For example, in 1465 legislation was
passed that impacted Gaelic surnames in several counties of Ireland, most
notably Dublin. According to John D'Alton's "History of Co. Dublin", the
following was enacted in 1465:
"That every Irishman, dwelling betwixt or amongst Englishmen, in this county, as
well as those of Meath, Uriell (Louth) and Kildare, shall go like to one
Englishman in apparel and in shaving of his beard above the mouth and shall
within one year sworn the liege man of the King and shall take to him an English
surname of one town, as Sutton, Chester, Trim, Scrine, Cork, Kinsale; or colour,
as white, black, brown; or art or science, as smith or carpenter; or office, as
cook, butler, etc. and that he and his issue shall use this name under pain of
forfeiting his goods yearly."
Surnames were adopted in different areas at different times. In many parts of
central and western Europe, hereditary surnames began to become fixed from the
12th century forward. The bulk of European surnames in countries such as
England or France were formed in the 13th and 14th centuries. In some places,
the process started earlier, and in some places the process continued into the
19th century. Overall, the norm is that in the 11th century people did not have
surnames, and by the 15th century they did.
The process of adopting a surname was spread over time, and these surnames
continued to evolve until the 1900's when spelling was standardized.
Surname variants occurred during the evolution of the surname. There was no
guide to the spellings of names, and those who recorded events, such as the
clergy and registrars, attempted to reproduce phonetically the sounds they
heard. The great majority of the population were illiterate and had no notion
that any one spelling of their name was more 'correct' than any other.
Prior to the time surnames were adopted, men with the same values for their Y
DNA were spread out over a geographic area due to migrations. In addition,
invasions and wars often significantly dispersed populations with the same Y
DNA. Once people began to adopt surnames, these widely dispersed men with the
same Y-DNA took different surnames.
As the database of Y DNA results at Family Tree DNA grows, everyone will
eventually have Y DNA matches with other surnames. The primary reason for these
matches is that multiple men with the same Y DNA result adopted different
surnames during the time period when surnames were adopted. These men could
have been in the same village, or in the same county, or perhaps migration had
taken them to different countries.
In addition, two men with different surnames may have matching Y DNA due to
convergence. Mutations are estimated to occur about once every N generations
per Marker. There are mutations in the Y-DNA, and when after several mutations
we see a match or a close match, it is called convergence. The larger the
population with the same Y DNA, the more opportunity there is for convergence to
occur. Since Haplogroup R1b is the largest population group in Europe, matches
with other surnames are very common. These matches are due to the large
population of this Haplogroup that existed when surnames were adopted. Many
different surnames were adopted, and convergence has occurred over time.
If we go back far enough in time, we are all related. The surname is used to
establish a boundary for determining whether two people are related. If you
match some one with a different surname, you are most likely related prior to
the adoption of surnames.
In some cases, you could be related after the adoption of surnames, due to one
of the following events occurring:
1. informal adoption
2. extra marital event of either infidelity or illegitimacy
3. adoption of a new surname, such as by preference or for inheritance
Even though these events have occurred in the past, they were not the norm.
Pursuing a match with another surname should not be considered until both
participants upgrade to 37 Markers to determine if the match still holds.
At this point, if the match still holds at 37 markers, a decision can be made as
to whether to pursue the match with another surname. To avoid wasting time,
there should be some evidence that one of the events above occurred. In making
this decision, the place to start is to evaluate the evidence. Were the
ancestors in the same location, at the same time? Was there a marriage by a
widow who had children? Is there any evidence to support a match with another
surname?
In most cases, there isn't any evidence to support pursuing the match.
A Surname Project is a very valuable tool for family history research. The
surname establishes the time period for determining if two people are related.
Surname Projects can provide tremendous benefit for those who are researching
their family history. DNA testing has a wide range of applications, from
additional information to use in conjunction with the paper records for
interpretation, to clues to find the ancestral homeland.
In addition, as a long term goal, a Surname Project can determine the number of
points of origin of the surname. The Surname Project could also combine DNA
results with the techniques used to research surnames, and identify the
ancestral location or area where the surname was adopted.
As you research your family tree, eventually you have to stop, because the
written records end, or are sporadic. This could be the result of the
destruction of records, such as due to a court house fire. Or, this could be
the result of reaching the time period prior to a the majority of written
records. For example, the time period before the adoption of Parish registers.
Often your family tree will stop before the start of Parish registers, because
there is insufficient documentation to make a connection.
When your family tree ends, there is still a long period of time between then
and the adoption of surnames. For example, if your tree ends in the late 1700's
due to insufficient documentation, there is still 400 to 500 years between then
and the adoption of surnames, depending on your ancestral country.
DNA testing can fill this 500 year gap. Imagine a situation years from now,
where every family tree with your surname has tested. The data would then be
available to determine whether your surname had a single or multiple points of
origin. Combining this information with surname mapping, frequency distribution
studies, and research in Medieval records would most likely enable the Surname
Project to identify a geographic area as the ancestral homeland.
Our surname is a very important part of us, and DNA testing tells us about this
surname. For example, did one man take on the surname, and all the descendents
today are related, except for descendents of an informal adoption, and
descendents of an illegitimate birth?
With DNA testing, we might also discover previously unknown variants. This
could be very helpful for research, especially when records can't be found, and
later it is discovered that the records are actually there, but recorded with a
previously unknown variant.
Surname dictionaries have been published and identify the origin for many
surnames. The authors of these books used the tools available at the time.
Never before have these experts or authors had the powerful tool of DNA testing
available. There are many discoveries to be made with DNA testing. Most
likely, DNA testing will prove that some long held beliefs about the origins of
various surnames are incorrect.
By participating in a Y DNA Project, or sponsoring a participant if you are
female, you are making a significant contribution to the knowledge about your
surname. Even when your tree ends, you can still discover information about
your origin.
For more information, see the following articles:
Interpreting Results: Why is the Surname relevant?
http://www.familytreeDNA.com/facts_gene ... how&nk=2.8
Understanding Your Results: Matching Other Surnames
http://www.familytreeDNA.com/facts_gene ... ow&nk=2.11
|
Posted: 1:43 AM - Apr 03, 2005
Michael McKay
Here's a message regarding my DNA sample. Perhaps it might explain why Robert Mackay Sr. seems not to have any earlier history. Also our Job relationship seems to be a key here as well when you read this report:
Hi Mike-
It looks like your DNA results came back, and like everyone else in the
Mackay/McKay surname study you are one of a kind. :-\
You should probably upload your results to Ysearch and Ybase
(www.dnaheritage.com) if you are interested in future matches being
able to find and contact you. The directions for uploading to Ysearch
came with your results from FTDNA.
I did compare your results to several other DNA databases. You are
a 12 for 12 match with one person at Ysearch. His last name is George
and he traces his origin to 1750 in Wales. You don't currently match
anyone at Ybase, Scot DNA, Sorenson Molecular Genetics or the
McCoy group at DNAHeritage. If you sent a sample to Sorenson it has
not yet been included in their database. (I've been told this often takes
many months.) When it is, we will be able to determine more of your
results, but since you only come close to matching one person, there is
no rush for those results.
I would encourage you to find other descendants of your oldest known
ancestor who might be willing to be tested. This will allow you to
confirm that you are all related to the same ancestor. Someday as we
get more samples we might find someone with information beyond your
oldest known ancestor. This is what we have done in my case. There
are two tests awaiting results which should match my brother's test
results. We supposedly share a common ggg grandfather with one and
a common gggggg grandfather with the other.
Let me know if you have questions.
Happy Easter.
Bridget
Mackay/McKay Surname DNA Administrator
|
Before anyone jumps to conclusions it has to be said that this could work two ways. It could be that the gentleman named "George" could have had a female George ancestor who had a relationship with a Robert Mackay descendant and therefore their offspring took the name George as their surname. I do know of at least one family in our Robert Mackay family who is like this with the children taking their mother's surname.
Perhaps though we should be open to the idea that our Robert Mackay Sr. may not have come from Scotland at all. Perhaps like our Job relatives he may be from Wales. Probably a longshot at best.
Here's a link to the information about the George DNA project for future reference.
http://victorian.fortunecity.com/literary/463/george/
Posted: 8:46 PM - Apr 03, 2005
KAREN MCKAY CARTER
MY FATHER WAS THE GR G SON OF MOSES MCKAY/BEHETHALIN GAINES . HE HAD TWO SISTERS, ONE OF WHOM IS STILL ALIVE IN MERIDIAN , MISS. THE DNA TESTING WOULD BE INTERESTING. KAREN CARTER
Posted: 8:47 PM - Apr 03, 2005
KAREN MCKAY CARTER
MY FATHER WAS THE GR G SON OF MOSES MCKAY/BEHETHALIN GAINES . HE HAD TWO SISTERS, ONE OF WHOM IS STILL ALIVE IN MERIDIAN , MISS. THE DNA TESTING WOULD BE INTERESTING. KAREN CARTER
Posted: 9:27 PM - Apr 03, 2005
Michael McKay
Hello Karen,
The way this test works is it traces the DNA found in the Y Chromosome which is only in males. This particular strand doesn't influence physical traits that I'm aware of but is usually referred to as "junk" DNA. But, it does provide a direct male line which can be tested and therefore can be used to provide clues as to possible connections with people who lived many centuries ago as is the case with this George connection.
The only people who can be tested would be your brothers or perhaps the children of your father's brothers or any other male McKay relative bearing the surname.
As we discussed earlier, this won't solve the mysteries surrounding our Robert Mackay Sr.'s origins but hopefully in the event we have enough matches, especially with people outside of the family it might point to a common location that we could look into. At this point it could be anywhere in Britain or Ireland.